Shuqi Guo, Ge Zhang, Xin Zeng, Yue Xiong, Yuanhang Xu, Yan Cui, Dezhong Yao and Daqing Guo
Published 25 February 2025
Citation Shuqi Guo et al 2025 EPL 149 47001
Over the past decade, the digital twin brain (DTB) has emerged as a transformative brain science paradigm, integrating multimodal data to construct dynamic models closely simulating biological brain function. This approach has advanced understanding of structure-function relationships, cognitive behaviors, and disease mechanisms, while supporting personalized therapies. Recent progress highlights DTB’s potential in capturing functional heterogeneity, simulating information integration, and predicting individual cognitive and pathological variations. Looking forward, the development of a high-precision DTB is expected to drive breakthroughs in understanding brain mechanisms and enabling precision medicine. This perspective summarizes DTB modeling strategies, including multimodal data integration and optimization, while addressing challenges such as model granularity, and biological interpretability. Future efforts should focus on refining modeling techniques and integrating with brain cognition and disease. We believe these advancements will pave the way for breakthroughs in brain science and precision medicine, ushering in a new era of neuroscience and personalized healthcare.
Vogelsang, A. Mikkelsen, C. Ropers, J. H. Gaida, M. Garg, K. Kern, J. Miao, M. Schultzeand M. Ossiander
Published 18 February 2025
Citation J. Vogelsang et al 2025 EPL 149 36001
Attosecond microscopy aims to record electron movement on its natural length and time scale. It is a gateway to understanding the interaction of matter and light, the coupling between excitations in solids, and the resulting energy flow and decoherence behavior, but it demands simultaneous temporal and spatial resolution. Modern science has conquered these scales independently, with ultrafast light sources providing sub-femtosecond pulses and advanced microscopes achieving sub-nanometer resolving power. In this perspective, we inspect the challenges raised by combining extreme temporal and spatial resolution and then highlight how upcoming experimental techniques overcome them to realize laboratory-scale attosecond microscopes. Referencing proof-of-principle experiments, we delineate the techniques’ strengths and their applicability to observing various ultrafast phenomena, materials, and sample geometries.
Panadero, J. C. Guerra, E. Caravaca, F. J. Hidalgo, P. Acedo, C. de Dios and E. Torrontegui
Published 18 February 2025
Citation I. Panadero et al 2025 EPL 149 20001
Recent advancements in quantum technology have highlighted the potential of nitrogen-vacancy (NV) centers in diamond. However, realizing this potential requires overcoming challenges associated with the size, complexity, and cost of current optical systems. In this Perspective, we present a compact and portable confocal setup designed for efficient detection, initialization, and readout of single NV center photoluminescence signals, enabling coherent spin control and nanoscale-resolution magnetic field sensing.
Yang Lou, Lin Wang and Guanrong Chen
Published 17 February 2025
Citation Yang Lou et al 2025 EPL 149 41003
Network controllability refers to the ability of a networked system to drive its state to any desired configuration through control inputs. Controllability robustness ensures that this capability is maintained or retained under structural variations, such as node or edge failures caused by malicious attacks or random perturbations, which is critically important for real-world networks. This paper reviews existing metrics, evaluation methods and optimization strategies for controllability robustness, introducing also modeling techniques for attack processes. Analytical techniques, empirical simulations and machine-learning–based approaches are presented, highlighting their respective advantages and limitations. Finally, some future directions are briefly discussed in four key areas: metrics design, evaluation refinement, optimization algorithms, and attack process modeling. By addressing these challenges, it is expected to develop more robust and stronger resilient networked systems.
Xin Lu, Jiawei Feng and Suoyi Tan
Published 14 February 2025
Citation Xin Lu et al 2025 EPL 149 41002
Ponent in shaping the contact networks through which infectious diseases propagate during pandemics. It significantly influences the spatial and temporal patterns of disease transmission among individuals. Traditional epidemic models often struggle to capture the complexity of these heterogeneous contact patterns. In contrast, models incorporating human mobility, which account for the movement of individuals across regions, offer a detailed perspective on micro-level interactions and their impact on disease spread. The discussion highlights four types of epidemic models that integrate human mobility, including compartment models, complex network models, agent-based models and machine learning models, emphasising their crucial roles in epidemic prediction and control. Additionally, it provides insights into the broader implications of human mobility on dynamic-modelling and decision-making within the context of epidemics.
Title |
Authors |
| Orbitronics: Orbital currents in solids | Go, Dongwook; Jo, Daegeun; Lee, Hyun-Woo; Klaeui, Mathias; Mokrousov, Yuriy |
| Quantum computing models for artificial neural networks | Mangini, S.; Tacchino, F.; Gerace, D.; Bajoni, D.; Macchiavello, C. |
| Running vacuum against the H0 and σ8 tensions | Peracaula, Joan Sola; Gomez-Valent, Adria; de Cruz Perez, Javier; Moreno-Pulido, Cristian |
| Collision models in open system dynamics: A versatile tool for deeper insights? | Campbell, Steve; Vacchini, Bassano |
| Active engines: Thermodynamics moves forward | Fodor, Etienne; Cates, Michael E. |
| Long-ranged velocity correlations in dense systems of self-propelled particles | Szamel, Grzegorz; Flenner, Elijah |
| Chiral active matter | Liebchen, Benno; Levis, Demian |
| Partial synchronization patterns in brain networks | Schoell, Eckehard |
| 20 years of ordinal patterns: Perspectives and challenges | Leyva, Inmaculada; Martinez, Johann H.; Masoller, Cristina; Rosso, Osvaldo A.; Zanin, Massimiliano |
| An overview of generalized entropic forms | Ilic, V. M.; Korbel, J.; Gupta, S.; Scarfone, A. M. |
Mobility-induced kinetic effects in multicomponent mixtures. By F. C. Thewes, M. Krüger and P. Sollich
Temporal coherences of atomic chaotic light sources: The Siegert relation and its generalisation to higher-order correlation functions. By M. Morisse, S. Joshi, J. Mika, J. C. C. Capella, R. Kaiser, R. Bachelard, L. Slodička and M. Hugbart
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Perspective on physical interpretations of Rényi entropy in statistical mechanics. By Misaki Ozawa and Nina Javerzat
Complex phases in quantum mechanics. By Carl M. Bender and Daniel W. Hook
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Atomic topological quantum matter using synthetic dimensions. By A. Fabre and S. Nascimbene
Synchronization on higher-order networks. By Haoran Liu, Jin Zhou, Bo Li, Meng Huang, Jun-an Lu and Dinghua Shi
Interfacial instabilities in confined displacements involving non-Newtonian fluids. By Vaibhav Raj Singh Parmar and Ranjini Bandyopadhyay
Accelerations of large inertial particles in turbulence. By Yaning Fan, Cheng Wang, Linfeng Jiang, Chao Sun and Enrico Calzavarini
Ultracold atoms carrying orbital angular momentum: Engineering topological phases in lattices. By E. Nicolau, G. Pelegrí, J. Polo, A. M. Marques, A. J. Daley, J. Mompart, R. G. Dias and V. Ahufinger
Dynamic modeling of neuromodulation techniques: Towards elaboration and individual specificity. By Ying Yu, Fang Han and Qingyun Wang
Elasticity, plasticity and screening in amorphous solids: A short review. By Avanish Kumar and Itamar Procaccia
Quantum control by effective counterdiabatic driving. By Francesco Petiziol, Florian Mintert and Sandro Wimberger
Augmented dynamics of nonlinear systems: A review. By Nirmal Punetha, Anjuman Ara Khatun, Haider Hasan Jafri, Awadhesh Prasad and Manish Dev Shrimali
Cooperation dynamics in multiple correlated games: A review. By Ji Quan, Xiao Jian Ma, Shengjin Cui and Xianjia Wang
Coupled propagation dynamics on complex networks: A brief review. By Zhishuang Wang, Haoxian Li, Jiaxing Chen, Zhiyong Hong, Qian Yin and Chengyi Xia
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European Physical Society
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68200 Mulhouse
France
Copyright© 2025 – EPL Association
